Do particles communicate?
(Particles Interaction Variant – PIV Theory)
Despite huge advances in the field of science, computing and measuring techniques, one area of our world that we encounter every day still remains unexplained. Why do particles and objects attract? Most people think of gravity when they hear this word combination, which today’s science still cannot explain. But it’s not just gravity, but also electron orbitals in atoms, forces in atomic nuclei, common chemical bonds, etc.. We don’t even know what a charge is, nor how the positive charge carrier, the proton, transmits information about its position to the negative charge carrier, the electron, and makes them attract each other. Moreover, if we assume that the particle itself is not surrounded by anything else, it is essentially impossible to convey this information. Magnetic field lines are just as mysterious. All these things today’s science can only describe and quantify, but cannot explain. It seems to be about things that cannot even be explained by quantum physics. Terms like charge or electromagnetic field are only mathematical axioms, they have no defined physical meaning. And yet theories based on them are presented as physical. And yet they are absolutely fundamental to understanding how our world works. Maybe also how it was created and where it is going. Today we take many physical quantities for granted, but we actually know nothing about them. For example, ordinary weight. What is mass? What causes it? We measure and calculate it for objects or particles based on interactions with the environment. But if we don’t know how that interaction works, how can we know what real mass is? All that remains is to go back to the old technique and try to explain this area with some theory, which will be confronted with reality, then further adjusted and refined according to it. Or replaced by a new, more accurate theory based on more recent knowledge. Historically given ideas that we take for granted today will also need to be revised. In the next chapter I will try to propose such a theory for atoms, which includes neutrons, protons and electrons. In the next chapters, I will use this theory to try to explain the known chemical and physical properties of elements from Hydrogen to Titanium. Based on the probable configuration of the atomic nucleus, the following parameters will be explained: stability or instability of individual atomic isotopes, crystal structures of elements, of interest is the rhombohedral crystal structure of boron, melting point, electronegativity, position and probable energy level of electrons in the atom, their reactivity, bond angle on the example of the NO2 molecule, electrical conductivity or non-conductivity on the example of various forms of the carbon atom, chemical bonds, bonds in a TiO2 crystal, paramagnetism of the O2 molecule and many others. Although it is not the subject of this article, it has the potential to explain what is the basis for so-called quantization. Because the so-called quantum state of an electron is determined by its interaction with its surroundings. Therefore, without a theory that addresses the mechanism of interaction of elementary particles, it is impossible to correctly interpret the conclusions of “quantum” experiments.
This is the first attempt to create a particle theory without using mathematical axioms, while respecting physical laws, such as action and reaction, and containing an interaction mechanism. This theory is based on the foundations of the Standard Model, to which it adds an interaction mechanism and corrects certain errors. To properly understand the benefits of PIV theory, at least basic knowledge of the Standard Model, materials, and chemistry is appropriate. All images and graphs further in the article are schematic only. Freely available information from wikipedia.org was used.
At the same time, I would like to thank Wikipedia for providing free scientific information, without which this theory would have been difficult to come by. I also thank the software corporation Autodesk for providing the Fusion 360 program free of charge for non-commercial use. Without the ability to create 3D models of elements and molecules and then study them, it would be impossible to uncover their secrets.